What are dental crowns: A comprehensive guide

When a tooth is damaged or, in the worst case, lost completely, you can think there is nothing you can do.

Fortunately, dental crowns are here to restore your smile to the aesthetic and functionality you want and need so you can smile and eat comfortably and without worries. 

But, what are dental crowns? What are dental crowns made of? And how safe is this treatment for you?

In this article, you’ll find everything you need to know about dental crowns and if you actually need this specific treatment.

What are dental crowns?

A dental crown is a tooth-shaped cap that is placed over a tooth for a broken or decayed tooth. 

A crown, similar to a well-fitted hat, covers the entire tooth. 

This cap restores the tooth's shape and size while making it stronger and improving its appearance. 

Crowns can be made from different materials like porcelain, zirconia, gold, or a mix of porcelain and metal.

When cemented into position, the crowns completely cover the visible part of a tooth that is at and above the gum line.

The dentist will have to remove a small amount of enamel before attaching the new crown to guarantee a proper fit.

If you take proper care of your dental crowns, they can last from 5 to 15 years.

Crowns are also part of a dental implant procedure, as they attach to the implant to function like a natural tooth.

Who needs a dental crown?

Dental specialists may recommend a crown procedure in several scenarios, including:

• Protection of weak teeth: Crowns can safeguard weak teeth, such as those affected by decay, from breaking or further damage. They also help hold together parts of a cracked tooth.

• Restoration of damaged teeth: If a tooth is broken or severely worn down, a crown can restore its shape and function.

• Support for large fillings: When a tooth has a large filling and little natural structure remains, a crown can provide the necessary support.

• Stabilization of dental bridges: Crowns are essential for holding dental bridges in place, ensuring stability and functionality.

• Cosmetic purposes: Crowns can cover misshapen or discolored teeth, improving their appearance.

• Coverage for dental implants: After a dental implant procedure, a crown is placed to complete the restoration.

• In pediatric dentistry, crowns may be used on baby teeth for specific reasons. 

What are dental crowns made of? Types of dental crowns

Common questions are: What color are dental crowns? And what are they made of? 

Well, it depends on the type. 

There are different types of dental crowns, each serving specific oral health needs. 

Here is an overview of the most common types of dental crowns:

• Stainless steel crowns:

Stainless steel crowns are pre-made and mainly used as temporary solutions. They protect a tooth or filling while a more lasting crown is being made. 

In children, stainless steel crowns are often used to cover baby teeth that have been prepared for fitting. These crowns cover the whole tooth, protecting it from more decay. 

When the baby tooth falls out to make way for a permanent tooth, the crown comes out with it. 

Stainless steel crowns are often preferred for children's dental care.

• Metal crowns:

Metal crowns are made from different metals like gold, palladium, nickel, and chromium. 

They are known for being strong, rarely chipping or breaking, and can handle a lot of biting and chewing. 

However, they look metallic, so they are more suitable for back teeth rather than those that can be seen.

• Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal (PFM) crowns:

PFM crowns are the best of both worlds. 

These crowns are strong because they are made with metal and look natural because they are covered with porcelain. 

They can be made to match the color of your natural teeth, and they work well for both front and back teeth.

However, the porcelain layer may chip over time, showing the metal underneath. 

• Pressed ceramic crowns:

Pressed ceramic crowns have a strong ceramic inner core, unlike PFM crowns, which have a metal core. 

The ceramic is melted and pressed at high temperatures, and then multiple layers of porcelain are applied. 

These crowns closely resemble natural tooth enamel, giving them a natural look. 

However, like PFM crowns, pressed ceramic crowns may chip over time. 

• All-ceramic or porcelain crowns:

All-ceramic or porcelain crowns look very natural and are a great choice for people who are allergic to metal. 

Although different materials are used for these crowns, many dentists prefer zirconium dioxide because it is very durable. 

Zirconia crowns can handle strong forces and are gentle on other teeth, causing less wear on the enamel.

• Same-day dental crowns:

With advancements in technology, many dentists can now create custom dental crowns in just one visit. 

This involves taking digital impressions of the teeth, designing the crown, and crafting it from ceramic using a milling machine. 

The main benefit is the convenience of receiving a dental crown in a single visit. 

But, not everyone may be eligible for same-day crowns, so it's important to consult your dentist to find out if this option is suitable for you.

• All-resin crowns:

All-resin crowns are usually cheaper than other types of crowns. Because they are more affordable, they are more delicate and likely to break compared to PFM crowns. 

Dentists often use resin for temporary crowns, typically lasting three to five years.

We recommend discussing with your dentist which option suits your needs and budget.

Dental crown procedure

Your dental crown procedure typically requires one to two visits to your dentist.

During your initial appointment, your dentist will prepare your tooth by removing a layer of its outer surface and reshaping it to accommodate the crown. 

A local anesthetic will be administered to ensure you remain comfortable and pain-free throughout the process.

Next, your dentist will capture the shape of the prepared tooth. This can be done using either a traditional impression method or a digital scanner for a more precise fit.

The information gathered will be sent to a laboratory, where a technician will custom-make your crown to match the shape and color of your natural teeth.

If your dentist utilizes a CEREC machine, the entire crown can be created and fitted on the same day. 

On the other hand, if your crown is being made in a laboratory, your dentist will place a temporary crown on your prepared tooth to protect it while you wait for your permanent crown, which typically takes two to three weeks to fabricate.

Once your permanent crown is ready, you'll return for a second appointment. 

During this visit, your dentist will fit the crown using dental cement or adhesive.

Dental crowns costs

The price of dental crowns varies based on the type of material used:

Stainless steel crowns

The price of stainless steel crowns in typically ranges from $300 to $500 per tooth.

Metal crowns

The price of gold dental crowns typically ranges from $800 to $2,500.

Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal (PFM) crowns

On average, a PFM (porcelain-fused-to-metal) crown costs about $800 to $1,400.

All-ceramic or porcelain crowns

These crowns can vary significantly in price, ranging from $800 to $3,000, making them among the most expensive options available.

All-resin crowns

Resin crowns generally cost between $600 and $1,300.

Same-day dental crowns

The price of same-day dental crowns generally ranges from $800 to $1,400 per crown.

When to contact a professional?

Having issues with your dental crown requires you to reach out to your dentist: 

• If your crown feels loose, has come off, or shows signs of damage such as cracks or chips. 

• If you experience increased sensitivity, tooth pain, or discomfort near the crown area.

• If you notice swelling or inflammation in the gums surrounding the crown.

• Any unexpected changes in the fit or appearance of your crown.

Do you need to contact a dentist? 

Dental crowns are a safe and standard treatment for broken or badly decayed teeth, or even if you have had a root canal or dental implant treatment. 

There are many types of dental crowns, and you are free to choose the one that best fits your budget and needs. 

Also, the dental industry improves its products and treatments every year, ensuring a seamless experience when visiting a dental office. 

At 4th Floor Dental, we make sure you feel safe and confident about what type of dental crown is best for your smile. 

Our mission is to help you eat, laugh, and live fully. 

Book an appointment here.